The dogwoods constitute one of horticulture's most versatile genera, distributed across the temperate regions of North America, Europe, and Asia, with representative species growing everywhere from tundra margins to subtropical woodland. The genus name derives from the Latin cornu — animal horn — referencing the exceptionally dense wood, historically used for tool handles and weapons. That toughness is characteristic: dogwoods as a group are adaptable, cold-hardy, and persistent in landscapes where less resilient plants struggle.

The genus divides loosely into four groups: the large-bracted flowering dogwoods of East Asia and North America, the dwarf dogwoods of high latitudes, the cornelian cherries, and the blue- or white-fruited species. Each group has its garden strengths — spring flower show, winter stem color, fruiting interest, or all-season foliage. Most prefer a chilling period to bloom reliably and grow well in most soils except deep, sterile sand. The red-stemmed shrub species (C. alba, C. sanguinea, C. sericea) earn their place in winter gardens when little else competes for attention.